Answer:
birth rate, death rate, emigration, and immigration.
Step-by-step explanation:
The population growth rate is the pace at which a population changes in size over time. A positive growth rate indicates that the population is growing. A negative growth rate indicates that it is diminishing. The birth and death rates are the two most important elements influencing population increase. People joining the population from elsewhere, or leaving the population for another location, may also have an impact on population increase.