Question

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at what temperature would equilibrium exist between liquid water and water vapor.

A. 273.15 K , B. 373.15 K , C. 400 K , D. More than 400 K

Answer 1

OPTION B.

Equilibrium between liquid water and water vapor at 1 atm pressure exists at 373.15 K.

Step-by-step explanation:

The temperature at which equilibrium exists between liquid water and water vapor is at the normal boiling point of water, which is 373.15 K (100°C) at 1 atm pressure. This is the temperature at which the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) for the transition between the liquid and gas phases is zero, indicating that the two phases can coexist. At this temperature, the rate of evaporation equals the rate of condensation in a closed system, so neither the amount of liquid water nor the amount of water vapor changes with time, as they are in a dynamic equilibrium. The triple point of water, which is 273.16 K, is where solid, liquid, and gas phases coexist. However, it is different from the condition asked in the question.

Answer 2

273.1600 K

Step-by-step explanation:

Triple point of water

The single combination of pressure and temperature at which liquid water, solid ice, and water vapor can coexist in a stable equilibrium occurs at exactly 273.1600 K (0.0100 °C; 32.0180 °F) and a partial vapor pressure of 611.657 pascals (6.11657 mbar; 0.00603659 atm)