Step-by-step explanation: The range of a function
is the set of all y values of the function.
The y values on a coordinate system are the up and down values.
Our parabola is expanding infinitely downwards but
it never goes above the y value of -3.
So we say that the range of this function is {y: y ≤ -3}.
The domain is the set of all x values or left and right values.
Since it's expanding infinitely to the left and right,
we say that the domain is the set of all real numbers or R.