Final answer:
Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow were influential proponents of the Humanistic Approach in psychology, focusing on personal growth, free will, and self-actualization. Rogers developed client-centered therapy, while Maslow is known for his hierarchy of needs.
Step-by-step explanation:
Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow were pioneers of the Humanistic Approach in psychology, a historically significant perspective that emerged as a 'third force' distinct from psychoanalysis and behaviorism. Their approach emphasized the innate goodness of humans and their potential for personal growth, as well as the importance of free will and self-determination in the pursuit of self-actualization. Carl Rogers is renowned for his development of client-centered therapy, a therapeutic technique that places the client at the forefront of the therapy process and relies on the therapist's display of unconditional positive regard, genuineness, and empathy.
Abraham Maslow, on the other hand, is well-known for his theory of the hierarchy of needs, proposing that basic survival needs must be met before individuals can pursue higher-level psychological needs, with the ultimate goal being self-actualization. This hierarchy is illustrated in Maslow's famous pyramid of needs, underscoring the importance of fulfilling lower-level needs before higher-level growth can occur. Both theorists left a substantial legacy in psychology, influencing various aspects of theory, research, and psychotherapy.