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Why does a heat pump need an external source of energy (such as electrical energy) ?
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Why does a heat pump need an external source
of energy (such as electrical energy) ?

User K K
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Answer:

The reason is because a heat pump uses external power to accomplish the work of transferring energy from the heat source to the heat sink. Heat pumps are significantly more energy efficient than simple electrical resistance heaters. The efficiency begins to decrease as the temperature difference between the heat source and sink increases.

User Raj Subbiah
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