Final answer:
The characteristic of Mercury that is correct among the options given is that it has the largest temperature variation of the terrestrial planets, due to its proximity to the Sun and lack of significant atmosphere, resulting in 600 K of variation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question on one characteristic of Mercury is B. It has the largest temperature variation of the terrestrial planets. Mercury's surface experiences the most extreme temperature fluctuations among the terrestrial planets due to its proximity to the Sun and lack of significant atmosphere. Temperatures on Mercury can soar to 700 K (430 °C) during the day and plummet to 100 K (−170 °C) at night, resulting in a temperature variation of 600 K (≈600 °C). This contrasts with the giant planets which have deep atmospheres and do not experience such extreme temperature differences on their surfaces.