Final answer:
The Romans besieged Jerusalem and destroyed the Temple in response to the rebellion by the zealots in 66 C.E. This event had a profound impact on Judaism.
Step-by-step explanation:
When the zealots rebelled against Roman rule in 66 C.E, the Romans took action to suppress the rebellion. They besieged Jerusalem and eventually destroyed the Temple during the conflict in 70 C.E. The Arch of Titus was erected in Rome to celebrate the Roman forces' victory. This event led to a significant shift in Judaism as the Temple was destroyed and the Jewish people splintered into different communities based in synagogues around the Mediterranean.