Answer:
I didn't watch The Day after Tomorrow so I cannot give an answer for that part.
(This is just how I see the meaning of these cartoons)
In the first cartoon, The United Kingdom wanted to withdrawal from the European Union. I don't know too much about Brexit, but there might be something that the executive leaders of the UK are not handling efficiently.
In the second cartoon, the penguin is holding a 'danger' sign because the way the arctic animals see it is that if something isn't endangering the humans, then the humans won't care. A robber, in the case, will most like frighten people so they will take action in this issue. Since people don't necessarily live in the arctic, they aren't going to care about the issues there.