Answer: 1.
The president is Commander-in-Chief, head of both state and government. The prime minister in a parliamentary democracy is supposed to be "first among equals," the leading minister who remains responsible to the monarch, who is head of state. While not all parliamentary systems have a monarch, most grew out of systems which used to have one.
2. Anyone can run for president, subject to certain conditions, and the president is directly elected by the people (though, in the United States, this occurs via the electoral college). In a parliamentary democracy, people vote for local candidates representing a particular party, and this party then chooses its leader. The leader of the party that can command a parliamentary majority (either through his/her own party or through a coalition) becomes prime minister.
Step-by-step explanation: