Question

A child pulls a sled by a rope across at a constant speed

of the forces listed identify which act upon the sled
normal
gravity
applied
friction
tension
air resistance

Answer 1

The forces acting on a sled being pulled at constant speed include normal, gravity, applied, friction, tension, and air resistance. To calculate acceleration or find the necessary pulling force for constant velocity, Newton's second law and the forces' components are considered.

Step-by-step explanation:

The forces acting upon a sled being pulled at a constant speed are normal force, gravity, applied force, friction, tension in the rope, and air resistance. The normal force is the force exerted by the ground on the sled, counteracting the force of gravity. Applied force is the force exerted on the sled by the child through the rope. Friction is the resistive force that opposes the movement of the sled. Tension is the force transmitted through the rope as it is pulled, and air resistance is the force opposing the sled's motion through the air.

To calculate the horizontal acceleration of a 15-kg sled being pulled with a force of 33 N at an angle of 30 degrees to the horizontal with a kinetic friction coefficient of 0.20, we can break down the applied force into horizontal and vertical components. Using trigonometry, the horizontal component of the force can be calculated. The frictional force can be found using the coefficient of kinetic friction and the normal force. Newton's second law, F = ma, can then be used to solve for acceleration.

To pull the sled at a constant velocity, the net force must be zero. This means that the pulling force must be equal and opposite to the frictional force. By knowing the frictional force, we can determine the necessary pulling force to achieve constant velocity.

Answer 2

Normal, Gravitational, Applied, Friction, and Tension

Step-by-step explanation:

Because the sled is on the ground, or rather because it is on the earth, it will have a force of gravity, or its weight, pulling it down.

There is a normal force because the sled is not moving into the ground, so there needs to be a force pushing on the sled from the ground. Additionally, Newton's 3rd law states that for every action there is an equal but opposite reaction, if it's in equilibrium or not moving.

There will be an applied force since the child is pulling the sled and is applying a force to do so.

There will be a friction force that is pulling the sled opposite the direction it is moving, since it is on the ground that is presumably not fricitonless.

There will be a tension force pulling on the sled by the rope. However there is also a tension force pulling on the child's hand by the rope, meaning that these are internal forces and essentially balance out, but they are still there.

There is no air resistance force, or very little of it, since the object is not falling.