Answer:
B). The author explains that the consumer's willingness to pay a certain price for a given item affects how the retailer sets the price.
Step-by-step explanation:
The author advances the key idea that 'people possess distinct opinions about how valuable a product is' by explaining how the 'consumer's willingness/desire to pay a particular amount for a specific product directly affects the marking of the price for that product by the retailer.' If the consumer wishes to pay a higher price for a product, it suggests that the product is more valuable while if they don't, it reflects that the product has a lesser significance for the consumer. This mirrors the varying opinions and hence, option B is the correct answer.