Final answer:
DNA differs from RNA in the type of sugar it contains (deoxyribose versus ribose), its structure (double-stranded versus single-stranded), and a difference in nitrogenous bases where DNA contains thymine in place of uracil which is found in RNA.
Step-by-step explanation:
DNA differs from RNA in several key ways. First, DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, whereas RNA contains the sugar ribose. This difference in sugar forms the basis for their names: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). Secondly, while DNA is double-stranded, RNA consists of a single polynucleotide strand. Although both DNA and RNA contain phosphate groups, the important difference lies in the nitrogenous bases they carry: DNA uses thymine while RNA uses uracil instead.
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