Answer:
a) 10% of the babies with 36 months of age weigh less than 11kg, and 100 - 10 = 90% weigh more.
b) 90% of the newborn females have a lenght of less than 53.3 cm and 100 - 90% = 10% have a length higher than 53.3 cm.
Explanation:
Meaning of a percentile:
When a value V is said to be in the xth percentile of a set, x% of the values in the set are lower than V and (100-x)% of the values in the set are higher than V.
(a) The 10th percentile of the weight of males 36 months of age in a certain city is 11.0 kg.
10% of the babies with 36 months of age weigh less than 11kg, and 100 - 10 = 90% weigh more.
(b) The 90th percentile of the length of newborn females in a certain city is 53.3 cm.
90% of the newborn females have a lenght of less than 53.3 cm and 100 - 90% = 10% have a length higher than 53.3 cm.