The effects of the Bracero Program were:
1. Labor shortages decreased: The Bracero Program, initiated during World War II, allowed millions of temporary Mexican agricultural workers to enter the United States legally to address labor shortages in the agricultural sector.
2. Guest workers entered the country: As part of the Bracero Program, Mexican workers, often referred to as "braceros," were permitted to work in the U.S. on a temporary basis, primarily in agriculture.
However, the following options were not direct effects of the Bracero Program:
1. Farm equipment was improved: The Bracero Program focused on labor supply and did not directly lead to improvements in farm equipment.
2. Farm workers' wages increased: The program actually had a mixed impact on farm workers' wages. While some employers took advantage of the temporary nature of the program to keep wages low, there were instances where wages increased due to market conditions and labor negotiations.
3. Crop production decreased: The Bracero Program was implemented to increase agricultural productivity by providing additional labor to the farms. Therefore, crop production did not decrease as a result of the program; it was intended to help maintain and potentially increase crop production.