Question

Berger and Luckmann state that we are born into an 'objective social structure' and that we have only a limited ability to subjectively appropriate and interpret it for ourselves. Discuss how the categories of race, gender, and class predate any one individual, and how we are bound to identify ourselves in relation to them. To what extent can an individual redefine themselves in relation to these categories, and what are the possible social sanctions they may face for doing so?

Answer 1

The idea of "objective social structure" states that people are born already bound by a series of categories, which they can only shape to some extent. For example, a person's race will determine his experiences in the world to a large extent, whether he wants it or not. This is because others will understand and interpret him based on this factor. The same occurs with categories such as gender and class.

Because other people treat us as members of this categories, the process of socialization will lead us to identify ourselves with them too. Sometimes, an individual can try to change these factors. For example, a person might make a lot of money and try to access a different class. However, this transition is not always smooth. It is likely that the person will experience backlash when attempting to do so. It is also likely that he will never be as fully accepted as a person who was born into this category.

Answer 2

The individual turns into a result of society and society turns into a result of the person. It is a strategy by which individuals act and respond according to their present circumstance. Human science characterizes the social development of reality as a procedure by which individuals shape reality through social collaborations. That capacity to characterize the truth is picked up by a gathering's with power who likewise makes new qualities for society. The individual can be impacted by the predominant gathering in the public arena and changes their perspectives or practices to fit the new social reality.

There are a few social factors that make and sustain imbalance. These variables incorporate, however are not restricted to, race, sexual orientation, and social stratification. The three components identify with one another in that they keep up some in advantaged gatherings while at the same time keeping others in subservient gatherings. They are made by society and advance after some time to be kept up by the people. The components make a premise of association while additionally forestalling the entrance of a general public's full improvement.

Race is characterized similar to a socially developed classification. As it were society makes what is to be characterized as an alternate race dependent on qualities that are transmitted. It can make issues inside it itself as there is no away from of one while being precise a hundred percent of the time. It can likewise make generalizations that are to be related with a race which may make particularities. These preferences may prompt demonstrations of segregation in a few segments of society. These demonstrations are demonstrations of imbalance, just dependent on what is obvious outwardly.

At that point there is sexual orientation which has consistently been and may everlastingly stay a region of disparity. Females and guys are dealt with uniquely in contrast to the day they are conceived. They have desires that are anticipated from them based and hues that should fit them dependent on their sex. As they develop more seasoned they will be required to fit sexual orientation jobs that have been appointed to their separate sex. The females will be required to cook, be wonderful and to play with dolls. The guys ought to be outdoorsy, raucous and love watching hot wheels zoom around the track. This separation of treatment essentially dependent on sex has made a pay contrast, made just men take on the specific help and that is simply in the United States. In different countries, being a female methods not having the option to have permit, possess land or be seen as a person.

After that there is social stratification, a term fundamentally to frame a qualification starting with one individual then onto the next. It is a framework that is general in the public arena however changes in application here and there. It holds certain people above others dependent on any number variables whether class, status or force. It makes disparity dependent on the conviction of the current progression. It is thought to be the normal request of things and accordingly can't. An individual situation in the pecking order can shape one's life massively in what one wears, a school that is joined in and as far what one's identity is to wed.