Answer:
The answer to this question is option C. State of being alone or with another person
Step-by-step explanation:
An independent variable is a variable that can stand on its own. It is the variable that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment.
In the bystanders and thieves study, the state of being alone or with another person is the independent variable because it is the controlled variation in the study.
Hence the answer is C. State of being alone or with