Question

Sickle-shaped red blood cells result from a mutation in the gene that code for hemoglobin.

This mutation results in sickle-cell anemia. A partial sequence of bases from a normal
hemoglobin gene and a sequence that results in sickle-cell anemia are shown below. *
(5 Points)
What type of mutation is depicted in this sequence?
Substitution
Insertion
Deletion
Frameshift

Answer 1

"Substitution" type of mutation is depicted in this sequence.

Option: A

Step-by-step explanation:

When a nucleotide base is altered, substituted or removed from RNA or a DNA sequence in genetic mutation, is understood as substitution or point mutation. Such mutation affect the downstream protein output in a number of way, and provide outcome that are somewhat foreseeable depending on the mutation details. This occur in the hemoglobin β-globin chain, which allows the hydrophilic amino acid glutamic acid to be substituted by the hydrophobic amino acid valine in 6th location.

Answer 2

Substitution

Step-by-step explanation:

Sickle cell anemia is an inherited blood disorder occuring due to mutation of the hemoglobin-Beta gene present in the chromosome 11.

This takes place due to single nucleotide substitution (from A to T) mutation of the beta-globin chain of the hemoglobin at its sixth position and replaces the amino acid called glutamic acid (code: GAG) with valine (code substituted by GTG).

In case of a normal person, the hemoglobin present in the blood transports oxygen from the lungs to various parts of the body. In a normal person, the hemoglobin is round and smooth to easily and swiftly move through the narrow blood vessels.

In case of a person with sickle cell anemia, the hemoglobin changes its form to that of a sickle due to formation of abnormal hemoglobin molecules. This results in slow movement of the RBCs in the bloodstream and heavy destruction of RBCs due to piling up resulting in huge losses and anemia.