Final answer:
Deception is communicated by behaviors that are common and not necessarily unusual or esoteric. Identifying deceptive behavior can be difficult and time-consuming due to the variability and subtlety of these behaviors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Most research studies support the finding that deception is communicated by behaviors that are considered to be common, according to option b. While people often expect deceptive behavior to involve clear indicators, such as avoiding eye contact, the reality is much more complex. Since behaviors associated with deception can be subtle and vary greatly, it is challenging to identify deceptive behaviors accurately.
Deceptive behaviors may sometimes involve the use of illustrator gestures, which can be a way to redirect the topic of conversation, but these behaviors are not exclusively linked to deception. Similarly, making consistent eye contact or a lack thereof is not a definitive sign of deceptive intent. In fact, focusing too much on a particular behavior like breaking eye contact as a sign of lying can be misleading.
However, it should be noted that while it is possible to recognize some deceptive behaviors, it is often an extremely time-consuming and difficult process that requires careful observation and might also involve understanding the context and baseline behaviors.