Answer: Hebbian learning
Explanation: This is a type of learning which involves strengthening connections between neurons which work together. The repeated exposure to a particular stimulus can strengthen connections within a distinctive subset of cortical neurons, and this subset can provide a reliable basis for identifying the stimulus that is activating them.
It has been proven that even when an individual encounters an incomplete version of a familiar stimulus with only some of the subset of neurons representing that familiar stimulus activated at first, the connections already established through repeated coactivity will produce results that complete the familiar pattern.