Question

It is impossible for a valid argument to have A. true premises and a false conclusion. B. true premises and a true conclusion. C. false premises and a false conclusion. D. none of the above

Answer 1

A valid argument cannot have true premises and a false conclusion; this makes answer choice A the correct one. Arguments with false premises or a true conclusion can still be valid, depending on the argument's structure.

Step-by-step explanation:

In the context of arguments and their validity, it's important to understand what makes an argument valid or invalid. The student has asked whether it is impossible for a valid argument to have true premises and a false conclusion, true premises, and a true conclusion, false premises, and a false conclusion, or none of the above.

The answer is A. true premises and a false conclusion. This is because a valid argument, by definition, is one where if the premises are true, the conclusion must also be true. It is not a valid argument if the premises are true, and the conclusion is false.

On the other hand, a valid argument can have false premises and a false conclusion or false premises and a true conclusion. These are not indicators of the argument's validity, only of the truth value of its components. Arguments with true premises and a true conclusion are also possible and would obviously be valid assuming the argument structure logically supports the conclusion from the premises.

Answer 2

A). True premises and a false conclusion.

Step-by-step explanation:

As per the question, it is impossible for a valid argument to have 'true premises and false conclusion' because such an argument would be considered 'invalid'. Such a combination makes the argument invalid due to the failure of logic as the premises in an argument primarily functions to support an argument and its conclusion and thus, true premises cannot support a false conclusion. However, the vice versa(false premises and true conclusion) could be possible as premises may or may not justify the truth of the conclusion but if the premises are true, it becomes impossible for the conclusion to be false logically. Therefore, option A is the correct answer.