Final answer:
In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, Americans faced challenges in race relations and civil rights, experienced the transformative impact of technology on society, and addressed the complexities of a multicultural nation post-9/11. Literature reflected these issues, capturing the diverse voices and perspectives of the American population.
Step-by-step explanation:
Challenges Facing the American People
In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, the American people faced numerous challenges, as reflected in the texts 'On the Pulse of Morning' and 'One Today'. One key challenge was the struggle for civil rights and the ensuing race relations. The late 20th century was marked by a continuation of the civil rights movement, with African Americans and other minority groups fighting for equality. Another significant challenge was the impact of technology and media on society, as mentioned in Donald Barthleme's story 'The School'. The proliferation of computers and the internet radically transformed work, play, and communication styles, leading to a disorientation in national politics and identity, and creating a sense of 'textuality' in everyday experiences.
Moreover, the 21st century began with a stark reminder of the divides in the global community following the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. It emphasized the ideological differences that persisted despite technological advancements. Cultural diversity, while enriching the nation, also posed its own challenges, as the country navigated new kinds of political identity and social cohesion. The embrace of multiculturalism and increased tolerance of diversity reflects a complex and evolving American identity, with literature and art increasingly representing the multiplicity of voices within the nation.