Answer: (C) Perceived value
Explanation:
The perceived value is the term which is basically refers to the marketing terminology in which the users or the consumers evaluates the products and the services ability so that it meets their specific requirement and the needs.
According to the question, Stanley is basically purchasing the pen based on the perceived value based on his expectations. It is also helps in analyzing the actual quality of the given products by comparing with the other brands.
Therefore, Perceived value is the correct answer.