The given question is not complete. The complete question is:
An older adult client enjoys good overall health, but has just been diagnosed with pneumonia and has begun receiving an intravenous (IV) antibiotic. Shortly after being administered the first dose, the client pulled out his IV line and is now attempting to scale his bed rails. Which of the following phenomena most likely underlies this change in the client's cognition?
Dementia
Depression
Disorientation
Delirium
Answer:
The correct answer is delirium.
Step-by-step explanation:
A temporary condition in which a person gets confused, which also gets augmented by the effects of certain new drugs or one can say drug interactions is known as delirium. It is a sudden variation witnessed in the brain, which leads to emotional disorientation and mental confusion. The condition makes one lose the tendency to sleep, think, pay attention, remember, and more.
Some of the diseases like pneumonia that results in infection and swelling may interfere with the functions of the brain. Thus, in the given case, as the patient suffering from pneumonia is attempting to scale his bed rails indicates that he is suffering from delirium, which has augmented due to pneumonia and because of the introduction of the new drugs used for treating the condition.