Answer:
The correct answers are:
b )it was very difficult to change membership in a estate
d) French aristocrats belonged to the second estate
Step-by-step explanation:
Societies in times of feudalism were ruled by absolut monarchies and divided in three States of Realm: clergy (First State), aristrocracy (Second State) and commoners/peasants (Third State). These functioned as closed social divisions in the sense that there was no social mobility among the states.
Manorialism governed economic relationships during the medieval era in Europe. The privileged states, nobility and clergy, were landowners. They granted their fields to commoners/peasants, who could cultivate them for a living in exchange for several type of payments to their lords. In turn, lords promised protection to their vassals, as they were powerful enough to have some military forces under their command.
It was unlikely that vassals, who lived under strict rules and in harsh conditions, were too happy with this social structure. The fourth state did not exist. This is why answers A and C are ruled out.