Answer: d) Negative punishment.
Step-by-step explanation:
Negative punishment is defined as the mechanism in which desired or dearest item or thing of any person is separated from them for some period of time to reduce undesired behavior of that person.It helps in decrement of the same undesired action to occur in future as the person knows the consequence.
According to the question taking away favorite toy of preschooler for fighting behavior shown by him towards his mate is type of negative punishment so that he does not repeat same behavior .
Other options are incorrect because positive punishment because stimulus is added ion life of individual to make their behavior correct, negative or positive reinforcement is not taking pace in question' situation.
Thus, the correct option is option(d).