Answer:
Invasion from the Mongol tribe was the main reason of Islamic worlds hardships.
Step-by-step explanation:
The main reason for the hardships faced by the Islamic world was Mongols. They had invaded Islamic territories several times, under the rule of Genghis Khan. The Mongol Empire was like an association or union of several nomadic tribes in Mongol homeland. The attacks on the Islamic countries were terrible and caused a lot of chaos which brought an end to Golden age of Islam. They destroyed cistern and irrigation networks which was helpful in making the region fertile. Thus, it brought hardships and poverty for Islamic countries.