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Nitrogen dioxide reacts with water to form nitric acid and nitrogen monoxide according to the equation:

3NO2(g)+H2O(l)→2HNO3(l)+NO(g)
Suppose that 3.7 mol NO2 and 0.40 mol H2O combine and react completely. Which reactant is in excess? NO2

A) How many moles of the reactant in excess are present after the reaction has completed?






2) Consider the following precipitation reaction: 2Na3PO4(aq)+3CuCl2(aq)→ Cu3(PO4)2(s)+6NaCl(aq)
What volume of 0.170 M Na3PO4 solution is necessary to completely react with 94.8 mL of 0.122 M CuCl2?

User ArDumez
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1 Answer

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Answer:

A) NO₂ is in excess and 2.5 moles NO₂ remain after the reaction has completed.

B) 45.5 ml of the 0.170 Na₃PO₄ solution is necessary to completely react with 94.8 ml of 0.122 M CuCl₂

Step-by-step explanation:

Hi there!

A) From the equation, we know that 1 mol H₂O reacts with 3 mol NO₂. Then, 0.40 mol H₂O will react with (0.40 mol H₂O · (3 mol NO₂ / 1 mol H₂O)) 1.2 mol NO₂.

Since we have 3.7 mol NO₂ and only 1.2 mol will react, we have (3.7-1.2) 2.5 mol NO₂ in excess.

B) From the equation, we know that 2 mol Na₃PO₄ reacts with 3 mol CuCl₂.

First, let´s calculate how many moles of CuCl₂ are present in 94.8 ml of a 0.122 M solution:

94.8 ml · (0.122 mol CuCl₂ / 1000 ml) = 0.0116 mol CuCl₂

Since 3 mol CuCl₂ react with 2 mol Na₃PO₄, then, 0.0116 mol CuCl₂ will react with (0.0116 mol CuCl₂ · (2 mol Na₃PO₄ / 3 mol CuCl₂)) 7.73 × 10⁻³ mol Na₃PO₄

Now, let´s find the volume of the 0.170 M solution that contains that amount of moles of Na₃PO₄

We know that 0.170 moles are present in 1000 ml of the solution. Then, 7.73 × 10⁻³ mol will be present in (7.73 × 10⁻³ mol · (1000 ml / 0.170 mol)) 45.5 ml.

45.5 ml of the 0.170 Na₃PO₄ solution is necessary to completely react with 94.8 ml of 0.122 M CuCl₂