Answer:
The differences are:
2a. The differences between the prepositions "por" and "para" are:
- "Por" is used to mention the cause or the reason to make an action, I mean, the reason why the noun began to make the action:
- Yo estoy mojado por la lluvia.
- I am wet from the rain.
- El viaje de mis padres por Europa.
- My parents' trip to Europe.
- "Para" is used to mention the purpose of an action, I mean, the objective to make that action:
- Yo estudio para obtener un buen empleo.
- I study to get a good job.
- Teresa vive en el campo para estar más tranquila.
- Teresa lives in the countryside to be calmer.
2b. The use of the verbs "ser" or "estar" depends on the meaning of the sentence, explained below:
- "Ser" is a verb used to mention how is a noun regarding his/her physical and mental characteristics, or his/her profession:
- Él es atractivo.
- He is handsome.
- Nosotros somos médicos.
- We are doctors.
- "Estar" is used to mention where is a noun in a determined moment:
- Yo estoy en el parque.
- I'm in the park.
- Ustedes están en la panadería.
- You are in the bakery.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the explanatory text regarding the differences between the prepositions and the mentioned verbs, I have tried not to be so extensive since it is supposed to be in your own words, I have also given examples fully applicable to the difference or characteristic explained.