Answer:
d). Equal protection under the law.
Step-by-step explanation:
The end of civil war brought hopes of many African Americans that could enjoy equal status in the country by the 13th, 14th and 15th constitutional amendment but not for long. Supreme court decision to declare the Civil Rights Act of 1875 and the Enforcement Act of 1871, unconstitutional hit African Americans. The courts declared that according to the 14th amendment it was unconstitutional to provide equal protection to all citizens by Congress because only States have the power to do so. The promised freedom was fading away by the Supreme Court's decisions.