Final answer:
The 11th Amendment was ratified in 1795 as a direct response to the Supreme Court case Chisholm v. Georgia from 1793. It was proposed to prevent citizens of one state or foreign nationals from suing another state in federal court, upholding state sovereign immunity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The 11th Amendment was ratified following a significant case, Chisholm v. Georgia, which took place in 1793. This amendment was an early example of Congress responding to a Supreme Court decision by proposing an amendment to the Constitution. After passing through Congress in 1794, the 11th Amendment found approval among the states and was fully ratified in 1795. The amendment aimed to rectify the powers between the states and the federal government, specifically by protecting states from being sued by citizens of other states or foreign nationals.
Designed to assert state sovereign immunity, the amendment essentially states that federal courts do not have the authority to hear cases brought against a state by a citizen of another state or a citizen or subject of a foreign state. This change came about as a direct response to the Court's decision which originally allowed for states to be sued in federal court by citizens of other states. In essence, the 11th Amendment clarified the scope of judicial power under Article III, Section 2 of the Constitution and has had lasting implications on the relationship between state and federal jurisdictions.