Final answer:
The Egyptian sun god depicted as a hawk-headed man with a solar disk and cobra is known as Re or Ra. He was seen as the father and king of the gods, and the artistic depiction of him and other gods like Horus and Anubis followed strict conventions to convey their timeless essence.
Step-by-step explanation:
The name of the Egyptian sun god who is usually depicted as a hawk-headed man with a solar disk and cobra on his head is Re, also known as Ra. He is one of the most important deities in Egyptian mythology, often portrayed as the father of the gods and the king of the gods. Re was closely associated with the pharaoh, being seen as the progenitor of the royal lineage. He merged with another deity, Amon, becoming Amon-Re, especially worshipped in Thebes.
Artistic conventions in ancient Egypt were highly strict, purposefully designed to convey the timeless and immortal aspect of the gods. Thus, the iconography of Re was maintained with remarkable consistency throughout the long history of ancient Egypt's civilization. His representation along with the likeness of other deities, such as Horus and Anubis, adhered to these established conventions, hence why Horus was generally depicted with a falcon's head, and Anubis with a jackal's.