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Can someone tell me how to differentiate if a given salt is acidic, basic, or neutral?​

User Jindrich Vavruska
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\bold{\huge{\underline{ Solution }}}

Basic Characteristic of acids

  • Acids are sour in taste
  • Acid turns blue litmus paper or solution into red litmus paper or solution
  • Acids are good conductor of electricity because it dissociate into cation in aqueous solution
  • Acids classified into edible acids and non edible acids. Non edible acids are very hazardous
  • Generally, All acids are soluble in water
  • Acids have PH smaller than 7

Arrhenius definition of acids :-

According to Arrehinus,

  • Acids are those substances which when dissolve in water given H positive ions . Then, this hydrogen ions combine with water to form H30 + ions

Second definition of Acids was given by Bonsted Lowry :-

According to Bonsted Lowry

  • Acids are the proton donors that is when acids dissociate into water gives hydrogen ions that is H+ ions

3rd definition was given by Lewis

According to Lewis

  • Acids are those substances which have the ability to accept a pair of electrons .

Example of Acids

  • HNO3 :- Nitric acid
  • H2SO4 :- Sulfuric acid
  • HCl :- Hydrochloric acid

Basic characterists of bases

  • Bases are bitter in taste
  • Bases turns red litmus paper into blue litmus paper or solution
  • Bases are also good conductor of electricity because on dissociation it produces anion in aqueous solution
  • Bases are also good conductor of electricity
  • When bases are soluble in water then they are known as alkaline base
  • Bases have PH greater than 7

Arrehinus definition of bases :-

According to Arrehinus ,

  • Bases are those substances which when dissolve in water produce OH negative ions that is hydroxide ions

Bonsted Lowry definition

According to Bonsted Lowry

  • Bases are the proton donors as they produce OH negative ions in dissociation in aqueous solution

Lewis definition

According to Lewis

  • Acids are those substances which have the ability to lose electrons that is they are electron donors.

Example of bases

  • Ca(OH)2 :- Calcium hydroxide
  • NaOH :- Sodium hydroxide
  • KOH :- Potassium hydroxide

[ Note :- There are so many Lewis acids and bases but they are not Arrhenius or Lowry acids or bases ]

Basic characteristic of salt

  • Salts are the ionic compounds which are composed of acids and bases that cation and anion
  • Salts are generally found in oceans and seas in the forms of crystals
  • As they are composed of acids and bases so they are neutral in nature but the salt of strong acid or weak base is acidic in nature or vice versa
  • Salts are also good conductor of electricity as they form ionic bond
  • Generally, All salts are soluble in water.
  • The PH of common Salt is 7

Example of salts

  • NH4Cl :- Ammonium chloride
  • CuSO4 :- Copper sulphate
  • NaCl :- Sodium chloride
User Esat
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