Answer:
D). All of the above.
Step-by-step explanation:
As per the question, all the given statements assert the outcomes of different court decisions of the years 1944, 1946, and 1948. In Smith Vs. Allwright case, the ap-ex court of the U.S. declared that the voters can not be outcasted from the voting rights by discriminating against them on the grounds of race. While in Morgan Vs. Virginia case, the supreme court announced that it was unconstitutional(violation of the constitution) to segregate the riders on the basis of their race in interstate commercial buses. And in the Shelly v. Kraemer case, the court declared the racially confining covenants to be the breach of the 14th amendment that declares 'equal protection to all its citizens regarding the rights of property, freedom, and life.' Thus, option D is the correct answer.