Question

PLEASE WRITE IN YOUR OWN WORDS THANK YOU.

1. Summarize the three parts of the cell theory.

2 .Name 3 structures that Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells have common.

3. Differentiate (give the differences) between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.

4. Give one example of a specialized animal cell. Explain one structural feature that help it to do it's special job.

5. Give one example of a specialized plant cell. Explain one structural feature that help it to do it's special job.

6. What are three factors that affect the rate of diffusion? explain the effect of each factor.

7. What is the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?

8. Compare (give similarities and differences) between diffusion and osmosis.

9. Why are diffusion and osmosis are important for living organisms?

Answer 1

Answer/Explanation:

[1] The three parts of the cell theory is all organisms are made of cells. Cells are the smallest unit of life and new cells arise from existing cells.

[2] The three structure that Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells have common is plasma membrane, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and DNA.

[3] The difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells is prokaryotic cells has no nucleus while, eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.

[4] One example of a specialized animal cell is Muscle Cell. Muscle cells bring parts of the body closer together. They contain protein fibres that can contract when energy is available, making the cells shorter.

[5] One example of a specialized plant cell is cell wall. Cell wall shapes, supports, and protects the cell. It prevents the cell from absorbing too much water and bursting.

[6] The three factors that affect the rate of diffusion is temperature, concentration gradient, size of the molecule.

1. The size of the molecule: The smaller the molecule such as gas, the faster the rate of diffusion while the larger the molecules (liquid) the slower the rate of diffusion
2. Concentration gradient: Diffusion takes place as long as there is a difference between the concentration gradient of substances across a barrier. The more is the concentration difference, the higher is the driving force, the faster the rate of diffusion. When the concentrations of the substance on either side of the barrier become equal, the diffusion stops.
3. Temperature:The higher the temperature is, the faster the speed of diffusion. Temperature increases the K.E. (kinetic energy) of a molecule and it helps to move the molecule faster and hence the speed of diffusion increases.

[7] The difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion is simple diffusion, the movement of particles occurs along the direction of the concentration gradient. While in facilitated diffusion, the movement of molecules can occur both in direction and opposite of the concentration gradient.

[8] The similarities between diffusion and osmosis is they both particles move from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration. The difference between diffusion and osmosis is diffusion can occur in any mixture, including one that includes a semipermeable membrane, while osmosis always occurs across a semipermeable membrane.

[9] Diffusion and osmosis are important for living organisms because diffusion and osmosis both even forces inside cells and organisms as a total, expand water, nutrients and necessary chemicals from areas that contain a high concentration to areas that contain a low concentration.

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