Answer:
Radicalization of nationalism
Towards the end of the 19th century, the ideology of nationalism had already been consolidated in the European imagination. Nationalism posited the idea that a people would be united on the basis of a shared culture, language, economy and geography, and that from there would spring a destiny for which they would have been born.
Expansion of European imperialism
In the 20th century there was an excess in the production of industrialized consumer goods, which required new markets, as well as the acquisition of more and new raw materials.
Spurred on by nationalism, and having lost control over America in the 19th century, European states began the competition to dominate the African territory as a quarry of resources, as well as the competition for control of non-European markets.