Final answer:
The steam engine, a pivotal invention of the Industrial Revolution, significantly boosted productivity, revolutionized transportation, and ultimately enhanced trade and economic growth in the United States.
Step-by-step explanation:
One pivotal example of an invention that contributed to economic growth and prosperity is the steam engine, which was fundamental to the Industrial Revolution. The impact of the steam engine was multifaceted, greatly enhancing productivity in industries such as textiles and manufacturing by enabling factories to be powered by steam rather than water or animal power. This innovation facilitated the expansion of factories closer to urban centers, resulting in the growth of cities and changing labor patterns. Moreover, the steam engine revolutionized transportation through steamships and locomotives, drastically reducing the time and cost of moving goods and thereby significantly increasing trade. The increased efficiency and trade capabilities brought about by the steam engine contributed to higher economic growth rate and income levels in countries like the United States. During the Industrial Revolution, the number of patents issued increased significantly, demonstrating an era of intense innovation and economic expansion.