Answer: Subatomical particles, atom, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, systems, organisms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The biological organization is the hierarchy of complex biological structures and systems using a reductionist approach. Each level in the hierarchy represents an increase in the complexity of organization, each "object" being composed of basic units of the previous level but the properties and functions found at a given hierarchical level are not present at lower levels.
The hierarchy is classified into a first level (chemical level) made up of subatomical particles, atoms, molecules and macromolecules. And a second level (biological level) made up of organelles, cells, tissue, organs, and systems.
The first of the levels of organization, the chemical level, of living beings describes the most primitive factors, but which constitute the basis for the conformation of the following levels. In this level we have abiotic factors such as atoms, which are some of the smallest constituents of the chemical components, but which in turn from the union of several of these atoms give rise to what is known as molecules. From the union of the basic biomolecules are created larger compounds called inorganic and organic biomolecules. In the inorganic ones we find simple molecules such as water and mineral salts. And in the organic ones, which are exclusive of living beings, there are macromolecules such as proteins, lipids, glucides and nucleic acids. These macromolecules in turn will form essential elements for biological life such as structures and organelles (cell wall, membranes, ribosomes), which will be fundamental at the next level.
The second level of organization of living beings is the biological level, constituted by biotic factors, starting with the most basic steps such as the conformation of the cell and its organelles. The biomolecules that constitute the biological beings, also undergo a small classification that allows us to visualize how the union of several molecules are integrating molecules with increasing complexity.
Firstly, the grouping of these cells form tissues, these tissues are characterized by the fact that they are formed by thousands of cells that come from the same origin and also perform the same function. Examples of these tissues are epithelial tissue, bone, and others. The union at the tissue level can form organs, whose purpose is to perform a specific activity and which is essential for survival (for example, kidney, heart, liver) The next level is the systems, an organization of multicellular organisms based on the fact that some organs that are constituted by the same tissues, perform particular and different functions (for example skeletal system or muscular system) At last, we have organisms which are functional grouping of systems.
So, a summary of the hierarchical organization is:
- Subatomical particles: Protons, neutrons and electrons
- Atom: Structure in which matter is organized in the physical world or in nature, composed of subatomical particles.
- Molecules: Group of atoms.
- Organelles: Subunit of the cell related to a certain cellular function. For example, a mitochondrion, the main site of ATP generation in eukaryotes.
- Cells: Basic unit of life and a grouping of organelles, the smallest structural unit of living things capable of functioning independently. Eukaryotic cells can unite to form multicellular organisms which have a higher level of organization.
- Tissues: Functional grouping of cells in multicellular organisms.
- Organs: Functional grouping of living tissues, a group of cells that perform a certain function. For example, cardiac muscle tissue.
- Systema: Functional grouping of organs that are organized to perform a certain function. For example, the circulatory system.
- Organisms: Basic life system, a functional grouping of lower components with at least one cell. For example, a plant or an animal.