Complete question :
A newspaper article indicated that 43 percent of cars with black seats are white, 46 percent of cars with black seats are blue, 7 percent of cars with black seats are red, and 4 percent of cars with black seats are black. A test was conducted to investigate whether the color of cars with black seats was consistent with the newspaper article. A random sample of cars of these colors was selected, and the value of the chi-square test statistic was x = 8.2. Which of the following represents the p-value for the test?
A) P(x2 ≥ 8.2) = 0.08
B) P(x2 ≥ 8.2) = 0.04
C) P(x2 ≤ 8.2) = 0.96
D) P (x2 = 8.2) = 0.00
E) The p-value cannot be calculated because the sample size is not given.
Answer:
P(χ² ≥ 8.2) = 0.04
Explanation:
We need to obtain the degree of freedom ;
Number of levels, k - 1
k = (white, blue, red, black) = 4
df = k - 1= 4 - 1 = 3
The test statistic, χ² = 8.2
The Pvalue is the probability of a Chisquare statistic with 3 degree of freedom is equal to or more extreme than the statistic value, 8.2
Using the Pvalue for calculator from Chisquare statistic, at 3 degree of freedom
Pvalue(8.2, 3) = 0.042
Hence,
P(χ² ≥ 8.2) = 0.04