Final answer:
The false statement about DNA is that varied chromosomes make up DNA. Chromosomes are made of DNA and proteins, not the other way around. The other statements regarding genes, inheritance of genetic material, and DNA as a set of instructions for traits are true.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement about DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that is NOT true is:
A. Varied chromosomes make up DNA.
Chromosomes are actually made of DNA, not the other way around. DNA is a long, helix-shaped molecule composed of nucleotide base pairs, and chromosomes are structures that organize this DNA along with proteins called histones into a compact form that can be more easily managed during cell division.
Now, let's clarify the true statements:
- B. Genes comprised of segments of DNA. - This is true. Genes are specific segments of DNA that contain the instructions for making proteins.
- C. Genetic material is passed from parent to offspring via DNA. - This is accurate. DNA carries the genetic instructions and is passed from parents to their children.
- D. DNA is a set of instructions which determines the traits of an organism. - Also true. DNA contains the information that influences an organism's characteristics and traits.
To summarize, DNA contains genes, gets passed on to offspring, and determines an organism's traits, but DNA is contained within, not composed of, chromosomes.