Question

Determining Financial Effects of Transactions Affecting Current Liabilities with Evaluation of Effects on the Debt-to-Assets Ratio

Apr. 30 Received $876,000 from Commerce Bank after signing a 12-month, 8.50 percent, promissory note.
June 6 Purchased merchandise on account at a cost of $98,000. (Assume a perpetual inventory system.)
July 15 Paid for the June 6 purchase.
Aug. 31 Signed a contract to provide security service to a small apartment complex starting in September, and collected six months’ fees in advance, amounting to $35,500.
Dec. 31 Determined salary and wages of $63,000 were earned but not yet paid as of December 31 (ignore payroll taxes).
Dec. 31 Adjusted the accounts at year-end, relating to interest.
Dec. 31 Adjusted the accounts at year-end, relating to security service.

Required:
For each listed transaction and related adjusting entry, indicate the accounts, amounts, and effects on the accounting equation.

Answer 1

Accounts, Amounts, and Effects on the Accounting Equation:

Apr. 30 Assets increase (Cash +$876,000) = Liabilities increase(Promissory note payable (Commercial Bank) +$876,000) + Equity

June 6 Assets increase (Inventory +$98,000) = Liabilities increase (Accounts payable +$98,000) + Equity

July 15 Assets decrease (Cash -$98,000) = Liabilities decrease (Accounts payable -$98,000) + Equity

Aug. 31 Assets increase (Cash +$35,500) = Liabilities increase (Deferred Revenue +$35,500) + Equity

Dec. 31 Assets = Liabilities increase (Salary and wages payable +$63,000) + Equity decrease (Retained earnings (Salary and wages expenses) -$63,000)

Dec. 31 Assets = Liabilities increase (Interest payable +$49,640) + Equity decrease (Retained earnings (Interest Expense) -$49,640)

Dec. 31 Assets = Liabilities decrease (Deferred Revenue -$23,667) + Equity increase (Retained earnings (Security Service Revenue) +$23,667)

Step-by-step explanation:

a) Data and Analysis:

Apr. 30 Cash $876,000 12-month, 8.50 percent, Promissory note payable (Commercial Bank) $876,000

June 6 Inventory $98,000 Accounts payable $98,000

July 15 Accounts payable $98,000 Cash $98,000

Aug. 31 Cash $35,500 Deferred Revenue $35,500

Dec. 31 Salary and wages expenses $63,000 Salary and wages payable $63,000

Dec. 31 Interest Expense $49,640 Interest payable $49,640 ($876,000 * 8.5% * 8/12)

Dec. 31 Deferred Revenue $23,667 Security Service Revenue $23,667