Question

Describe the interactions between transcription factors and promoter sites that lead to the initiation of transcription. Predict the effect of adding negative regulation molecules to the interaction.

Answer 1

Transcription factors bind to specific sites on the promoter region of a gene, forming the transcription preinitiation complex. Adding negative regulation molecules can silence or inhibit gene expression by preventing the binding of necessary transcription factors to the promoter.

Step-by-step explanation:

Transcription factors play a crucial role in the initiation of transcription. They bind to specific sites on the promoter region of a gene, called the transcription factor binding sites. These interactions help in the recruitment of other transcription factors and RNA polymerase to the promoter region, forming a transcription preinitiation complex. This complex is responsible for unwinding the DNA and starting the transcription process.

Adding negative regulation molecules to the interaction between transcription factors and promoter sites can have the effect of silencing or inhibiting gene expression. Negative regulators, also known as repressors, prevent the binding of necessary transcription factors to the promoter. This can prevent the formation of the transcription preinitiation complex and therefore inhibit the initiation of transcription.

Answer 2

A genetic sequence, the TATA box, is a transcriptions start site and initiates transcription through the formation of RNA polymerase. Negative regulation may inhibit the initiation of transcription and/or repress gene expression.

Step-by-step explanation:

proteins called transcription factors bind to the TATA box, this triggers RNA polymerase to start synthesizing RNA to DNA