Answer:
The reaction of 112 cm³ of chlorine at STP with an excess of sodium can produce 0.292 grams of NaCl.
Step-by-step explanation:
The reaction of chlorine with sodium can produce sodium chloride (NaCl), which is also known as table salt. To determine how many grams of NaCl can be produced by this reaction, we need to know the molar mass of NaCl and the number of moles of chlorine that are reacted.
The molar mass of NaCl is 58.44 g/mol. This means that 1 mole of NaCl has a mass of 58.44 grams.
To find the number of moles of chlorine that are reacted, we need to convert the volume of chlorine from cubic centimeters (cm³) to liters, and then use the ideal gas law to calculate the number of moles. At standard temperature and pressure (STP), 1 mole of any gas occupies a volume of 22.4 liters. Therefore, the number of moles of chlorine can be calculated as follows:
moles = (volume of chlorine at STP) / (volume of 1 mole of any gas at STP)
In this case, the volume of chlorine is 112 cm³, which is equivalent to 0.112 liters at STP. Therefore, the number of moles of chlorine can be calculated as follows:
moles = 0.112 liters / 22.4 liters/mol
This gives a result of 0.005 moles of chlorine.
Since the reaction produces an excess of sodium, we can assume that all of the chlorine that is reacted is converted into NaCl. Therefore, the mass of NaCl that is produced can be calculated by multiplying the number of moles of chlorine by the molar mass of NaCl:
mass = (number of moles) * (molar mass of NaCl)
In this case, the mass of NaCl that is produced is 0.005 moles * 58.44 g/mol = 0.292 grams.
Therefore, the reaction of 112 cm³ of chlorine at STP with an excess of sodium can produce 0.292 grams of NaCl.