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a client with chronic kidney disease becomes confused and reports abdominal cramping, racing heart rate, and numbness of the extremities. the nurse relates these symptoms to which lab value?

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Answer: Hyperkalemia

Explanation: Hyperkalemia is the life-threatening effect of renal failure. The client can become apathetic; confused; and have abdominal cramping, dysrhythmias, nausea, muscle weakness, and numbness of the extremities. Symptoms of hypocalcemia are muscle twitching, irritability, and tetany. Elevation in urea levels can result in azotemia, which can be exhibited in fluid and electrolyte and/or acid-base imbalance. Elevation of WBCs is not indicated.

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