Solution:
The Operon is a regulated transcription unit, present in bacteria. An operon contains regulatory DNA sequences, which act as binding sites for regulatory proteins that promote or inhibit gene transcription. In this way, they regulate the expression of genes to proteins.
It is made up of the following components:
A regulatory gene:
The regulatory gene encodes a regulatory protein, the repressor. The lac repressor, encoded by the lacI gene, is the regulatory protein of the lac operon.
An operator:
The operator is the region of DNA in the operon to which the regulatory protein binds.
A promoter:
The promoter is the DNA sequence in the operon recognized by DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. The initiation site for RNA synthesis is located immediately after the promoter.
Structural genes:
The operon contains one or more genes encoding inducible enzymes.