Answer:
The act of immediately discharging electrical energy into the Earth directly with the aid of a low-resistance wire is known as earthing. Electrical earthing is accomplished by attaching the equipment's non-current-carrying component or the supply system's neutral section to the ground.
Four reasons why it's crucial to ground electrical equipment:
1. Increased longevity of appliances: Grounding electrical appliances results in less stress on the equipment and a reduction in the exposure of the appliances to hazardous currents.
2. Eradication of fire risk: If there is a problem with the insulation, there may be a spark, which could cause a fire and damage to property. The risk of fire is decreased by grounding electrical equipment by sending leakage current from insulation faults to the ground.
3. Protection from electrical surges: Electrical surges, whether brought on by lightning or for other reasons, produce dangerously high voltage. All the hazardous electricity will flow to the ground rather than causing harm to the electrical system if your appliances or electrical system as a whole is grounded.
4. Voltage Stabilization: Ideally, the ground's potential is zero. Therefore, all electrical devices use the earth as a point of reference. Calculating the required potential for each electrical appliance would be challenging without a reference point.
Electrocution is the term for when electricity enters the body. Burns, respiratory failure, neurological effects, and heart failure are all results of high-current electric shock. It might even result in death. Therefore, in the event of an insulation fault, a safe path for the current to flow must be provided via earthing.
Explanation:
The Earth serves as an efficient pathway for the flow of electrons that escape the insulation because it is a good conductor of electricity. Additionally, the Earth's enormous size creates a pathway for the safe discharge of electric charge. No current escapes from a device that is properly grounded. In the event that the device develops an internal problem, this stops people from being shocked or electrocuted. Electronic equipment is stabilized by earthing. It shields appliances from over-current or excessive voltage. Earthing is another fire safety measure. Overvoltage can cause a device to spontaneously combust due to overheating.