Final answer:
Nelson Mandela uses the word 'we' in his speeches to create a strong bond with his audience, including himself in their collective experience, which establishes credibility and unity amongst his listeners. This, along with ethos, pathos, and logos, are powerful rhetorical tools used by leaders like Mandela and others to inspire and persuade their audiences.
Step-by-step explanation:
Nelson Mandela, in his speeches, commonly employs a strategy that involves using the word 'we' to establish a connection with his audience, demonstrating that he shares in their sufferings. This offers him credibility because it positions him as one of them, experiencing the same challenges and aspirations. Rather than alienating the audience by focusing on his personal suffering or simply enumerating the hardships they face, Mandela includes himself in the narrative, creating a collective identity that resonates with his listeners. Notable leaders like Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Mandela often used rhetorical strategies, including ethos, pathos, and logos, to bolster their arguments and engender a sense of solidarity and purpose within their movements. Desmond's approach in his arguments about housing employs similar techniques, providing anecdotes, statistical research, and moral reasoning to appeal to his readers on various levels.