The box-and-whisker plot has four regions:
• the first one, between the minimum value (4 in this example) and the first quartile (6 in this example), contains 25% of the data;
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• the second one, between the first quartile and the median (9.5), contains another 25% of the data. So, 50% of the values are located to the left of the median;
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• the third region, between the median and the third quartile (14), contains another 25%. So, 75% of the values are located to the left of the third quartile;
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• the fourth region, between the third quartile and the maximum value (19), contains the last 25%.
Notice that the plot represents the number of questions students missed out of 50 questions.
So, we have:
25% of them got a number of questions right between 50-4 and 50-6, i.e., between 46 and 44.
The first option tells us that if 88% corresponds to an A, then about 25% of the students earned an A. That's true if 44 out of 50 corresponds to 88%. And that is indeed the case:
44/50 = 88/100 = 88%
Therefore, the first option is correct.