(This is how I explain it)
If they have the same denominator, don't change it
but if they have different denominators, change it
So you first subtract the fractions:
2/3 - 1/3: it equals 1/3 because of the numerators: 2-1=1 (but also put the denominator)
Then just multiply the whole numbers: 13 - 4 = 9
Ok now just put them together: 9 1/3
But if the subtraction looks like this:
8 1/3 - 3 2/3
then for the 1/3 just add another whole to it. (since you cannot subtract 1/3 - 2/3 and get a number over 0)
Like:
Since the denominator is 3, then add 3 to the 1/3 numerator: 1 + 3 = 4
So there's 4/3. even though this is an improper fraction, you can still subtract it.
Look:
4/3 - 2/3 = 2/3
But since the 8 got 1 whole took away, it becomes 7.
So then you subtract 7 - 3 which is 4
So the answer for this one is 4 2/3
Adding is easier
Now if you add 4 1/5 + 6 2/5, you just add the fractions and whole number.
1/5 + 2/5 = 3/5
Now add the whole numbers: 4 + 6 = 10.
Put it together: 10 3/5 is the answer
If you add like 15 1/4 + 5 3/4 then just add the fractions and whole number:
1/4 + 3/4 = 4/4: but since it's 4/4, then we convert it into a whole number: 1.
So it's basically 15 + 5 = 20, then add that whole number: 1
Answer: 21
Now for this one:
5 4/9 + 1 2/3
Since they have different denominators, you have to get the same denominator for each one. If you get a different denominator, it means you have to change the numerator too.
Like this:
2/3, you can multiply the numerator and demoniator by 3 to get the denominator 9. (which matches 4/9!)
2 x 3 = 6
3 x 3 = 9
Since we have 6 and 9, our new fraction is 6/9
We don't have to do anything to the other fraction since it already has 9 as a denominator.
Now add:
6/9 + 4/9 = 10/9
Inproper fractions:
10/9, subtract 9 from the numerator: (since 9 is the denominator)
10- 9 = 1
turn the extra into a fraction and the 9/9 into 1.
since we have 1 leftover, the fractions combined are 1 1/9
We can basically just add
5 + 1 + 1 1/9 = 7 1/9
here is the last short one:
6/10 + 2/3
Since 3 cannot be multiplied by a whole number to 10, we have to change both.
We can multiply both denominators together:
6/10:
6 x 3 = 18
10 x 3 = 30
2/3:
2 x 10 = 20
3 x 10 = 30
So our new equation is:
18/30 + 20/30 = 38/30
But, since it's an improper fraction, we should convert it into a mixed number:
38-30=8
Ok since we could subtract it, we have: 1
But we have 8 extra
so the answer is 1 8/30
We can simplify it though.
2 is the highest number we can go for both numerator and denominator
8 divided by 2: 4
30 divided by 3: 15
So the correct answer is: 1 4/15
i hope this helped, sorry i'm not that good at explaining