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What does this information mean in terms of dating the mystery layer?

User Ndm
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The law of superposition states that rock strata (layers) farthest from the ground surface are the oldest (formed first) and rock strata (layers) closest to the ground surface are the youngest (formed most recently).
User Ostrokach
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Geologists can 'read' rock layers using relative and absolute dating techniques. ... Relative dating arranges geological events, and the rocks they leave behind, in a sequence. The method of reading the order is called stratigraphy (the rock layers are called strata).

User Prithajnath
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