PERFECT QUESTION! SPACE IS WHERE ALL MY INTERESTS ARE!
Answer:
Once a star reaches the limit of it's current stage, which in this case, is the main sequence stage, it will expand and cool, resulting a Red Giant.
What are the stages in the life of a star and what happens in each?
1. Nebula
A nebula is an out-of-this-world cloud of gas (hydrogen) and dust. The nebulae are where stars are born. Nebulae come in a variety of forms. A brilliant emission nebula, like the one in Orion, shines because the gas there is powered by the stars that have already formed there. Starlight reflects on the dust particles within a nebula to form a reflection nebula. The Pleiades Cluster's nebula is an example of a mirror nebula. There are also Dark Nebula. These are thick, hydrogen-filled clouds that either fully or partially block the light from the stars behind them, such as the Horsehead Nebula in Orion.
2. Star
A star is a glowing ball of gas that generates all of its own heat and light through nuclear processes (nuclear fusion). They are made primarily of hydrogen and helium gas and are created from nebulae. The colors that correlate to the surface temperatures, which vary from red to blue-white, span from 2000 C to above 30,000 C. With masses 100 times greater than the Sun's, the brightest stars produce as much light as millions of Suns. They have a lifespan of just a million years before becoming supernova. Red dwarfs, which are just a thousandth as luminous as the Sun, are the weakest stars. A star can have a minimum mass of around 8% of the mass of the Sun, or 80 times the mass of the planet Jupiter, for nuclear processes to occur. Brown dwarfs or big planets are objects that have less mass than the critical mass and glow very weakly. A star like the Sun swells out into a red giant as it nears death, loses its outer layers as a planetarian nebula, and then contracts to become a white dwarf.
3. Red Giant
The surface of this big, brilliant star is chilly. It develops as a star like the Sun's core runs out of hydrogen fuel in its final phases of growth. The diameter of a red giant ranges from 10 to 100 times that of the sun. Despite having a surface temperature between 2000 and 3000C that is lower than that of the Sun, they are extraordinarily brilliant due to their size. Super Giants are a common name for red giants, very massive stars. These stars frequently exhibit luminosities one million times higher than the Sun and have dimensions up to 1000 times that of the Sun.
4. Red Dwarf
These are extremely tiny, dim, and cold stars that have a mass and diameter that is roughly equal to that of the Sun. They have an estimated lifespan of 100 billion years and burn very slowly. Proxima Centauri and Barnard's Star are red dwarfs.
5. White Dwarf
This tiny, blazing star is at the end of its life cycle as a star like the Sun. White dwarfs are stars that are similar in mass to the Sun but have a diameter that is just 1% as large as the Sun, or around the size of the Earth. Although a white dwarf is smaller than the Sun and has a surface temperature of 8000C or more, it has an overall brightness of little more than 1% of the Sun. The shriveled remnants of typical stars whose nuclear energy reserves have been depleted are known as white dwarfs. Due to gravitational processes, white dwarfs are composed of degenerate matter with an extremely high density; one tablespoon contains many tonnes of mass. Over a few billion years, white dwarfs cool and disappear.
6. Supernova
This is a star's cataclysmic demise, which frequently gives the star for a brief period the brilliance of 100 million suns. Supernovae often fall into two categories: - These are Type I explosions, which take place in binary star systems when gas from one star collides with a white dwarf, triggering an explosion. Type II These occur in stars that are 10 times as massive as the Sun or more, and near the conclusion of their lifetimes, they experience runaway internal nuclear reactions that result in an explosion. Black holes and neutron stars are what they leave behind. The primary source of elements heavier than hydrogen and helium is assumed to be supernovae.
Thank you,
Eddie